Toothache is the body's way of telling you something is wrong inside the tooth or surrounding tissues. Different types of toothache point to different causes - understanding the pattern helps identify the likely problem and urgency.
Sharp Pain on Biting
A sharp pain specifically when biting down on food - particularly one spot - can indicate a cracked tooth, a loose or failed filling, or early pulpitis (inflammation of the pulp). A cracked tooth is often difficult to diagnose as it may not show on X-ray. The crack allows fluid movement inside the tooth under pressure, triggering sharp pain on biting and releasing.
Sensitivity to Cold (Short-Lived)
Brief, sharp pain triggered by cold that resolves within 10 - 15 seconds usually indicates dentine hypersensitivity - exposed dentine from gum recession, enamel wear, or a recently placed filling. This is uncomfortable but not an emergency. A sensitivity toothpaste and desensitising treatment at a hygiene appointment can help significantly.
🧊 If cold sensitivity lingers for more than 30 seconds after the stimulus is removed - particularly if it becomes a dull ache - this suggests pulpitis, which may require root canal treatment. See us promptly.
Sensitivity to Cold (Lingering) or Heat
Pain from cold that lingers for more than 30 seconds, or pain triggered by warm/hot food, suggests irreversible pulpitis - inflammation of the pulp that will not resolve on its own. Root canal treatment is typically required to relieve this type of pain. The sooner treatment is undertaken, the more straightforward the case.
Constant Throbbing Ache
A persistent, throbbing toothache - particularly one that is worse when lying down and radiates to the jaw, ear, or temple - indicates a dental abscess. This is a bacterial infection that has spread beyond the tooth. Dental abscesses require prompt treatment: drainage, antibiotics, and either root canal treatment or extraction. Do not ignore an abscess - it can spread rapidly.
⚠️ If you develop swelling of the face, difficulty swallowing, or fever alongside toothache, seek emergency care immediately. Spreading dental infection can be life-threatening. Call 01276 984356 or attend A&E.
Gum Pain Rather Than Tooth Pain
Pain specifically in the gum - particularly if it is localised around one tooth - can indicate gum disease (periodontitis), a periodontal abscess, or food packing under the gum. Gum pain is often aching rather than sharp and may be accompanied by bleeding or swelling.
What to Do
- Take over-the-counter pain relief (ibuprofen 400mg or paracetamol 1000mg)
- Avoid very hot, cold, or sweet food on the affected side
- Book an appointment as soon as possible - do not wait for pain to become unbearable
- If you have swelling, fever, or difficulty swallowing - seek same-day emergency care
Accord Dental Practice offers same-day emergency appointments in Camberley. Call 01276 984356. Learn about our emergency dental service.